The soles are somewhat dirty and the upper edge of the vamp of one shoe has some fraying. The low boot style of the shoe and the cotton fabric and thread would indict that these shoes were made and used by a woman of somewhat modest means and living in Northern China. The slightly upturned toe normally would date the shoes to an earlier period but the shallow heel and twill fabric dates the shoes to the early part of the 20th century. Heel to toe the soles measure 5 inches.