Felipe Martinez was a sculptor, then a stone cutter for Hubert Harmon, before he opened his own taller "Piedra Y Plata" in 1950.

This necklace is a spectacular piece with carved and polished onyx in an edgy modernist design. A very rare necklace in collector quality. Stones are flawless.

Closed, wearable length is just over 16". The centerpiece is 3" wide, 3 3/8" tall.

Weight is 118.2 grams.

Signed and hallmarked "Taxco Martinez Sterling".

...

A substantial, Pre Columbian design 950 silver bracelet from Taxco, Mexico by the noted silversmith Roman Chavarrieta, who was known to work for Plateria Emma.

Signed R. Chavarrieta, Taxco, Mex and 950 which is better than sterling. Measures 7 1/2" long and 1 3/8" wide. Has two hook clasps that hold securely.

Deep incised design. Heavy silver. Early piece.

This huge pin is the work of Taxco designer Hubert Harmon. Harmon was active for a short time, and this piece bears hallmarks dating 1944-1948. Collector quality, this is a hand-wrought brooch with exquisite repoussé silver work and a gorgeous bow and ribbon design. Hubert Harmon's work is seldom seen, with his sterling pieces quite rare. Measures 4" long, 2 1/8" wide. Weight is 30.8 grams - quite substantial. Signed and hallmarked "Hubert Harmon Sterling Made in Mexico". In exce...

This is a spectacular set of necklace, pin, and earrings which were produced 1930's - early 1940's in Mexico. The design is one which originated from Fred Davis, and also one which is very seldom seen. This set does not bear the FD mark from Davis, but is simply hallmarked "Silver Made in Mexico". It is my belief that this was likely created by the same silversmith who produced the design for Fred Davis - who contracted several master silversmiths to produce his designs. It's an edgy stunning...

This modernist design by William Spratling dates to the 1950's. Weighing 90 grams the necklace is 20 inches long. The opposing "tongues" measure 2 1/2" across X 2". Screw back earrings 1 1/8" x 1". The gold wash is very light especially on the earrings. All in beautiful condition. Hallmarked on clasp and the back of one pendant. Earrings each marked with eagle 30. Spratling called this design "lenguas" or tongues of fire. This design is included in WILLIAM SPRATLING AND THE MEXICAN SILVER RENAI...

Circa mid-century, this bracelet from Margot van Voorhies Carr pulls out all the stops.

A very rarely seen piece, the front features a huge repoussé ribbon swirl, with graduated silver beading running through the middle and through the center of the bracelet. Hinged at the back, with the opening disappearing behind the front portion of the clamper. The spring hinge is perfect, and closes securely. This one is a real showpiece, and a worthy addition to the discriminating collector...

The drop is solid gold and is from the mid to late 1800's when Spain ruled Mexico. The pearls are also genuine and are dispersed around the drop. This is a big piece measuring 2.75 inches tall and 2 inches across. We have genuine gold Tahitian pearls ranging from 12 mm to 15 mm making a perfect pairing. These are not shell pearls but genuine Tahitian pearls. I have priced these together and if you wish to only have the drop please contact me for a quote. All the buds, leaves (carved and darkened...

This very early Mexican brooch is unsigned as to the maker, hallmarked simply "Mexico Silver". The style is certainly similar to the work of Matilde Poulat / Matl.

Entirely handwrought with exquisite and intricate detailing. A rare and stunning pin. Three amethysts of varying sizes form the center body sitting between the wings.

Measures 2 3/4" wide and 1 3/4" tall.

Weight is 16 grams.

In excellent vintage condition.

This iconic masterpiece is the work of Antonio Pineda. It's a necklace which draws attention immediately to the wearer. Circa mid-century, executed in 970 silver, this lays perfectly upon the neck. Ten moonstone cabochons dangle from scalloped silver links, sitting in silver open-backed bezels. The stones glow from within - really beautiful moonstones. Tongue in box clasp is topped with a round domed moonstone which you push down on to open.

Measures a closed, wearable length of 1...

Circa 1930's - early 1940's, this Mexico City moth necklace was produced by M. Velazquez.

It's a magnificent piece with absolutely superb repoussé silver work. This silversmith's work is seldom seen and quite sought after, and this necklace is quite the showpiece.

Measures 19" interior end to end, which is also the closed, wearable length. The center link is 1 1/2" tall. I believe the clasp is original to the piece. It's identical to another M. Velazquez necklace I had ...

Circa mid-century, this is a rarely seen design from Antonio Pineda. I have seen hoop earrings from Antonio, but not this exact design with the rims.

These are fabulous! Repousse sterling silver hoop earrings which are very substantial - weighing 32 grams. Wide and puffy in the center, with a rim on each side. They are comfortable to wear and very secure. Hinged on one side, so simply open in the center to slide right on your ears. Classy, with an elegant modernist design.

This Matilde Poulat necklace bears her earliest block hallmark "Matl", and dates 1934-1940. It's a rare and beautiful piece, and it's also collector quality. Exquisitely hand-wrought, and it lays perfectly on the neck. A wonderful necklace which can be worn easily with any outfit and occasion. Measures 16" closed, wearable length. Width is 3/4". Weight is 69.7 grams. In excellent vintage condition with absolutely no issues whatsoever.

Circa post-1980, this Matl necklace was produced by Ricardo Salas. Ricardo Salas worked with his aunt, Matilde Poulat. After her death in 1960 he continued producing her designs, as well as his own.

Twenty-one amethyst teardrop dangles swing freely from the center seven silver panels, each stone topped with a turquoise cabochon. This is a stunning piece which falls perfectly on the neck, and it's also very flattering.

Closed, wearable length is 16 3/4" - 17". Width with ame...

A vintage mid century modernist cup or goblet by William Spratling in Ebony with sterling balls around a sterling base and sterling inlaid disks.

Measures 4 5/8" high and 2 1/4" across. Marked with William Spratling Taxco Mexico around the conjoined Script 'WS'. This mark was used between 1951-67.

In fine condition, has some tarnish .

Fine Spratling design.

Circa 1950's, this bold, edgy cuff from Bernice Goodspeed is a book-piece design shown on p. 132 of the Morrill/Berk book "Mexican Silver".

It's a hand-wrought piece with an intricate deeply carved design and an oxidized background. This is a fabulous bracelet, and one which is rarely seen.

It's a large cuff, measuring 5 3/4" inside edge-to-edge, with an opening/gap of an additional 1 1/2". Width is 2 9/16". Can be adjusted to fit just about any size wrist, but this shou...

An amazing sterling silver bracelet with rectangular bezel set amethyst cabochons and hinged ball connectors by Antonio Pineda.

The bracelet measures 7 3/4" long and 1" wide. Has a secure box clasp and a safety chain. Marked with 970, Pineda Crown, Silver, Hecho en Mexico, Eagle 17 and style number ZZ 702. A previous owner has added one link to make it longer and that link is marked Mexico 925 and what looks like TA-05. That link is right next to the clasp and not that noticeable. Has s...

A Mexican sterling silver necklace and bracelet set by Artemio Navarrette. He was a master silversmith who worked for William Spratling, later producing jewelry under his own name. This 2 pc. set consists of the 7" length bracelet and the matching 15-1/4" length necklace. Each has a hook and eye clasp, they are made out of domed cutout 11/16" across segments. Both bracelet and necklace are stamped STERLING 925 and HECHO EN MEXICO TAXCO with what looks like a a joined AV maker's mark - it is a...

I have a pair of 18kt solid gold William Spratling earrings today that are obsidian spikes. There are 5 obsidian spikes to each earring and they are in perfect condition. The matching spike necklace is iconic and rare but these earrings are simply a stand out and rare. They are 1 in. tall and 1 in. across. These figures are approximate.

This pre-1948 bracelet from Fred Davis is collector quality and a larger than life showpiece.

Composed of five huge oval amethyst cabochons framed within silver, the panels have a geometric design inspired by pre-Columbian clay stamps which Davis collected.

This bracelet is a book-piece design, shown in "Dreaming In Silver" by Penny C. Morrill, p. 69.

The amethysts measure 1 1/2" x 3/4". The stones are gorgeous, perfectly matched in a rich grape color with quartz ma...

Correctly signed and rare this Matl designed by Matilde Poulat is a find for the discerning eye. The drop is 4 inches across and 3in. tall including the dangles. The center comes together with a single amethyst cabochon and has many warmed, teal turquoise stones and a row of coral. The clasp shows off a cluster of turquoise cabochons. The length is 18.5 inches and the patina is very dark naturally. This has no damage to the silver and no areas with missing stones. Well cared for, just LOOK AT T...

An uncommon silver tastevin, the bottom inset with a Mexican silver coin featuring the likeness of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, the last Spanish emperor to rule over Mexico. The coin is dated 1821, the year Mexico became independent of Spain. The tastevin is constructed in classic French style, with a coiled snake handle, but it lacks the embellishments usually seen on French examples. The bowl is simply decorated with a hammered surface. The tastevin probably dates to the reign of the Emperor M...

This is an old Mexico City folk necklace that is simply stunning. Approximately 17in. wearable length. The pectoral is 4.5 in. across and 2in. tall at the center. There is no damage and the silver is greater than 925 silver and has a beautiful color. The stone has a beautiful scalloped bezel with the stone in perfect condition. The repousse is puffy and has no splits and is quite thick with a weight of 65 grams. The links are smaller at 1in. long and the center is .25in. Fantastic on just, LOOK ...

Matl Matilde Poulat opened her shop in 1931.(Pack Davis) She with her nephew Salas produced folk art jewels that are sought after today. This signed example is studded with turquoise and clear, faceted amethyst squares. The silver work shows itself as an excellent example that is 7 in. long and 1.75in. tall. The weight is heavy at 63 grams as a bracelet with open air filigree. Collectors will not be disappointing with this bracelet.

These wondrous bumble bees are a Margot de Taxco signed creation. She is known for her fantastic enamel work. The earring clamps work and are the thickest best working clampers I have put on. The enamel is PERFECT. These are a published design in the Penny Morrill books on the Mexican Silver Renaissance.

Gorgeous on angles at a V and known to be a Valentin Vidaurreta design signed and produced by William Spratling. Inner diameter 2.25in. 2.5in. at highest point. The gap is 1.25in. and can be warmed by a professional jeweler to make smaller or larger. This silver is higher than 925 and is silky to the hand. The stones are Azure Malachite and shows off the natural silver sparkles that are within the the blue Lapis. A published and documented design in Penny Morrill's books on Mexican Silver. Condi...

We have to offer a design 252 Old Los Castillo with the linear hallmarks. You can see the hand hammering on the back and the top is deeply hand chased. There is no damage or repairs to this cared for treasure. This jewel displays a pectoral which is 4in. across and 2in. at highest point tall. This is a published book piece in Penny Morrills books on Mexican Silver. The weight confirms quality at 104 grams of silver. Higher than 925 silver making it confirms a gorgeous, white color, just LOOK AT...

This mid-century bracelet was produced by Antonio Pineda. It's a superb piece with a sleek modernist design, a mirror-like finish, and ten gorgeous oval amethyst cabochons. It's a bracelet which works equally well with dressy or casual wear. The amethyst gemstones are bezel-set at the center of thick square silver panels in such a way as to appear to float. Executed in 970 silver, almost pure silver, the push button clasp is topped with an amethyst, giving a completely seamless appearance whe...

Circa 1948-1955, Hector Aguilar's Armadillo necklace is a work of art. It's a spectacular showpiece, with eleven overlapping discs which graduate in size and hang from a black velvet ribbon. The design was created by Valentin Vidaurreta. Measures 17" end to end, with a closed, wearable length of 16 1/2". The closure is a tight and perfect tongue in box. Weighs 88.1 grams. Signed and hallmarked with a conjoined HA, .940 Taxco, and the eagle assay 9. This mark is shown on p. 12 , pl...

Circa 1948-1953, this early Antonio Pineda necklace is a supremely rare piece. I have never seen another quite like it. Hallmarked Silver by Tono, this is collector quality, and in superb original condition, including the stringing - which is a ribbed silver wire with silver crimping at the ends where it joins a hook and eye closure on each side. The center links measure 2" tall. Sixteen repousse middle panels which oppose each other in the center, graduating in size. Twelve gorgeous amethy...

Circa mid-century, this necklace was produced by Tane Orfebres of Mexico City. Tane, founded in the 1950's, is referred to as the "Tiffany's of Mexico". This is one of their earlier pieces.

It's an exceptional and rare necklace, with a huge center pendulum drop which swing freely. There are four sections to the collar, which hooks together at the rear. This is a true statement piece, and one which will not fail to be instantly noticed.

Closed inside circumference is 15". Th...

Doris Silver was a store in Taxco where artisans could make their jewels in Doris's back room. If she liked the work she would buy it. I have found some of the very best pieces from her shop. Many of the best known silver smiths worked here. This necklace displays a large presence with a drop of 3.75 in. and a wearable of 18in. The repousse is thick and it flourishes with movement around the neck. This necklace was more than well cared for and has no flaws or damage, just LOOK AT THAT NECKLACE! ...

This signed Hector Aguilar cuff is sophisticated and suitable to wear anywhere with the black dress or jeans. The design is sections of hand carved scallops when put one after another resembles clouds. The gap is 1 inch and is 1 5/8th's inches tall. The diameter is currently at 2.25in. 104 grams of silver is guiding the quality and a natural patina adds to it's beauty. This can be sized one size up or down by a professional jeweler. No damage or flaws. This design is rare.

Fred Davis was often daring with his designs using size for the jewels presence. This one is 2 1/8th inches tall and a depth of .25 inches. The length is 9 inches but has a wearable of 6.5 inches. The stones are without damage and set into their rows like peas in a pod. There are no dents to the saucer shaped beads. There is a natural patina and you will see some patina scattered about and on the ends of the handmade beads. Exceedingly rare and built for attention at 212 grams of thick silver. O...

This buoyant pair of large brooches were constructed & signed c.1930's by Mexico City artist Frederick Davis(1880-1961). Each measures 3 1/4" long. The design is pictured on p. 80 of SILVER MASTERS OF MEXICO by Penny Morrill. Both pins are in beautiful condition. Pin backs and safety locks are in excellent working order. Each hallmarked FD SILVER MEXICO.

We have a superb Los Castillo 18in. long necklace to offer today. The links are 1 3/8ths tall making for a striking presence. The stones have no cracks or chips and also have no striations that come to the surface of the amethyst. The color is a beautiful mix of milky swirl and jelly purple. Properly hallmarked as shown with the old linear mark for Los Castillo when Margot Van Voorhies was married to Don Antonio Castillo. Definitely a collectors treasure.

This mid-century necklace was produced by Margot van Voorhies Carr / Margot de Taxco.

It’s a book-piece design, with a stained glass appearance and amazing attention to detail. There are three separate pieces. The center pendant can be worn as a pin, or simply add the two sides to wear as a necklace.

Composed of tiny enamel squares which are black, blue, and teal with light blue within the center of each square.

Measures a closed, wearable length of 16”. The...

A vintage three dimensional pendant in sterling silver designed by Jose Luis Flores of Taxco, Mexico depicting a stylized nude woman. Flores also worked with Hector Aguilar, Miguel Garcia Martinez and Emma.

Measures 4 1/8" long including the large bale and 2 1/8" across. Marked on the back 925, Mexico JLF, and Taxco. Have also seen this with the additional Miguel hallmark in script. Heavy and substantial. Has some tarnish. Pre Eagle.

Wild Picasso-esque design.

A vintage pair of sterling silver screw back earrings with moonstone cabochons by Antonio Pineda, Taxco.

Measure 3/4" long and 5/8" wide. Marked with the Antonio crown, and an Early Eagle 17 mark. Screw backs hold securely. Have some tarnish.

Beautifully made, classic Antonio.

This book-piece design produced by Margot de Taxco is shown in "Margot Van Voorhies : The Art of Mexican Enamelwork" by Penny C. Morrill.

This Margot de Taxco design is known as "Silver Leaves", or sometimes "Leaf and Berries". It's a heavy gorgeous repoussé sterling silver clamper cuff bracelet. The silver leaves have oxidized recesses and beading, making this a standout piece. Collector quality, with a tight snappy hinge. absolutely no issues whatsoever.

Fully closed, t...

This mid-century bracelet from Antonio Pineda is a seldom seen design, sometimes referred to as "Rings and Planets", with a smooth and seamless flow. Thick, heavy, and just all around stunning. The closure is a tongue which fits into a round ball, and is itself a work of art. Measures a closed, wearable length of 7 1/4". Weight is 68.6 grams. Signed and hallmarked with the Antonio Taxco crown, "VJ" within a circular "Taxco Mexico", "970", and the eagle assay 3. In superb vinta...

Circa mid-century, this clamper was hand-wrought by Los Castillo, and it is spectacular. Wide, large, heavy, and collector quality. The snail shell design has graduated beading which curves gently around the sides. Very substantial, with a weight of 104.4 grams. Hinge looks to be old and original, and it's super tight and snappy. Couldn't be more perfect. Recesses are oxidized, giving depth which makes this a standout piece. Fully closed this will fit up to a 6 1/2" wrist. Width is 2 1/4"....

Circa early 1940's, this is a superb slinky chain bracelet from William Spratling. It's a heavy handwrought piece, with a closed, wearable length of 7 1/2" and a width of 7/8". Classy and elegant, and feels fabulous on the wrist. Signed and hallmarked with the WS Print Circle "Spratling Made in Mexico WS", and Spratling Silver. Weight is 115.2 grams. Excellent vintage condition, collector quality. Silver tested to be 98% purity.

Circa 1930's-early 1940's, this magnificent amethyst ring is the work of Abraham Paz. Paz produced and designed work for himself, as well as for Fred Davis. This is a gorgeous piece, with a huge hand cut and polished amethyst and deco sterling silver setting. The face of the ring measures 1 1/16" x 13/16", and sits 7/16" high above the finger. The ring size measures between 6 and 7 on a sizer, depending on which way the ring is placed. I've taken photos of both. It's never been sized. Sign...

Plateria Cecilia has produced a very nice rendition of Mexico City folk work. The stones are warmed teal turquoise, dark red coral which looks Mediteranian and an amethyst that is jelly clear purple. The center Medallion is 2 inches tall and the bracelet is 1.25in. tall. There is 7.25in. of length and also 60 grams of silver.

This Los Castillo design 262 is an early one created when Margot Van Voorhies was married to Don Antonio Castillo. I believe these early pieces are the very best of her work. Stunning in size with an almost 2 inches of height and a weight of 84 grams of almost pure 980 silver. The condition reflects no damage and also well cared for over time. The diameter is 2.25 inches with the gap set at 1in. This can be professionally adjusted for most to fit. One of the best from the Spratling Era.

A vintage modernist pair of sterling silver earrings by Antonio Pineda, Taxco with dangling hoops.

Measure 1/2" at the widest and 2" high. One earring is marked with the Antonio crown, 970 and an Eagle mark. The second earring is marked Hecho en Mexico. Clips hold securely. These earrings have some dings to the edges, surface scratches and some tarnish.

Well crafted, classic Pineda design.

Tane Orfebres is an important silver house in Mexico City, known as the Tiffany of Mexico. This bracelet is wide, heavy, and gorgeous. It has a sleek modernist design, with the one half shiny and mirror like, and the opposite half bearing a slightly matte finish. I have never seen this design before, and it is a stunning bracelet. Signed and hallmarked "Tane Sterling Mexico", with an "A" within a triangle. No eagle assay on this one, but I believe it to be 1953-1980. This will fit up to...

Circa 1939, from William Spratling's first design period, here is his Tuliman necklace. Shown in "William Spratling and the Mexican Silver Renaissance", "Silver Seduction : The Art of Mexican Modernist Antonio Pineda", and "Mexican Silver", as well as the Spratling Silver website, this piece is known as Tuliman Bird Necklace. Spratling based his design on images painted on large clay water jars made in Tuliman. Three cascabels dangle in front, making a beautiful jangling bell sound with movem...

A pair of William Spratling Silver earrings with central balls surrounded by wide circles. These earrings were in the 1943 catalog and come from the 1st design period.

Measure 1 1/4" across and 1 1/2" high including the screw back. Marked on the back of one screw back with the conjoined WS and Spratling Made in Mexico. The other has Spratling Silver on the back. Screw backs hold securely. Have some tarnish and minor scratches. There is one slight indentation along the edge of the bottom of o...

Detailed and deeply hand carved in heavy 980 silver this early brooch designed by Spratling features the feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl of pre- Columbian myth. In beautiful condition & weighing 53 grams the pin measures 2 1/4" across. Pictured on spratlingsilver.com where author Phyllis Goddard explains that this pin design was included in a 1937 Brooklyn Museum of Art exhibit of Spratling's work. Spratling designs are included in the permanent collections of LACMA and MFA Boston.

This mid-century pin is the work of Los Castillo. It's a striking modernist design which is composed of two pieces connected with a rivet. The bottom hands and body swings freely with movement. Hand-wrought with intricate detail.

Measures 2 3/4" x 1 3/8".

Weight is 17.3 grams.

Signed and hallmarked "Los Castillo Taxco", with the eagle assay 15 and the design # 136.

In excellent vintage condition. Pin closes with a rolling C clasp.

Circa mid-century, this hinged bracelet was produced by Erika Hult de Corral and has her unmistakeable style. Rare to see one of her pieces executed in 980 silver as this one is. Hult worked with both Sigi Pineda and Enrique Ledesma before opening her own shop, and the influence of Sigi Pineda can certainly be seen in this bracelet.

It's a beautiful bangle bracelet, hinged on both sides to swing wide open. A dense green teardrop stone sits just off center within the modernist design w...

With hallmarks dating 1940-1944, this William Spratling bracelet is from his first design period.

Composed of three rows of elongated silver beads with a foldover clasp, this is a weighty bracelet which tests out at 980, or 98% silver purity. It's a very elegant, classy, and substantial piece, and it wears beautifully with a silky and luxurious feel on the wrist.

Measures 8" long, with a closed, wearable length of 7 1/2" and a width of 15'16".

Weight is 77.2 gram...

This early 925 sterling silver box with detachable lid was designed by Taxco, Mexico artist William Spratling. The box stands 4 1/2" high and measures 3" x 2 1/2". Pictured on spratlingsilver.com where it's described as a tall cigarette box. It is sometimes referred to as a tea caddy. Beautiful vintage condition.

A modernist sterling silver necklace with a large central pendant depicting a hunter with two deer by Los Castillo. Two layered shadowbox design.

Marked Los Castillo Taxco around Eagle 15, and design #115. Pendant measures 3 1/4" across and 2 1/8" tall. Necklace is a total of 15" long. Has a box clasp that holds securely. Fine condition, some minor scratches to the surface and tarnish. Some small dings to the edges that are mostly seem from the back. Some wear to the oxidization.

Heavy ...

These Margot de Taxco necklaces with a large drop are getting very difficult to find. The drop has a stone 1 in. in diameter and the wearable length is a comfortable 17 in. long. The drop is 2.25 in. long and 2 in. across. No chips or cracks to the stone and no striations that come to the surface. A hefty weight of 74 grams reflect the quality of this treasure. One of Margot Van Voorhies best just, LOOK AT THAT NECKLACE!

This bracelet is the work of Horatio de la Parra, whose company Plateria Azteca produced hollowware for both William Spratling and Hector Aguilar.

It's an early piece, dating to the 1940's. Six repoussé silver panels, each with a high domed amethyst cabochon, make for a regal deco design bracelet which closes with a pin.

Closed, wearable length is 6 3/4". Width is 1 3/8".

Weight is 73.8 grams.

Signed and hallmarked "Parra Mexico Silver Hnos".

This mid-century necklace from Los Castillo is a heavy and very substantial seldom seen design.

Thirty-eight modernist twisted panels drape perfectly upon the neck, conforming perfectly with a fluidity which compliments the wearer. The wide J-hook closure forms an almost seamless appearance.

Measures 15 3/8" end to end, with a 1" width. This will wear slightly smaller because of the width.

Weight is 130.4 grams.

Signed and hallmarked on the attached ta...

From his first design period, with hallmarks dating 1944-1946, this cuff from William Spratling is massive and spectacular. Collector quality.

This is a book-piece design shown in "William Spratling and the Mexican Silver Renaissance" by Penny C. Morrill, where it's noted that the "Nahui Ollin", or "Four Movement" cuff bracelet replicates the glyph at the center of the carved stone Aztec Calenda. This design was included in the Spratling LACMA collection.

Massive, weighing ...

Circa 1940's, here is a seldom seen pin from noted Taxco designer Hubert Harmon. Harmon was active for a short time, and this Neptune pin is signed and hallmarked with his winged feet and Hubert Harmon marks dating likely 1942-1948.

It's a stunning whimsical pin with Neptune holding his pitchfork, seating upon a large fish with an amethyst cabochon eye. The repoussé silver work is superb. A very unique, very rare piece, perfect for the discerning collector.

Measures 3" lon...